![]() ![]() Unfortunately, testing accessibility issues, pervasive floor effects, and lack of consensus on acceptable cognitive endpoints have been obstacles in the field. The preclinical development of promising targeted treatments for ID-associated disorders has not been followed by successes in human trials. 1 As the etiologies and mechanisms underlying specific forms of ID are discovered, targeted treatments and human clinical trials soon follow in the translational process, 2, 3 raising the potential for medical remediation of disability. Glossary CAT = computerized adaptive testing DCCS = Dimensional Change Card Sort DEXT = Developmental Extension DS = Down syndrome EF = executive function Flanker = Flanker Inhibitory Control and Attention FM = Forward Memory FXS = fragile X syndrome FSIQ = full-scale IQ ICC = intraclass correlation ID = intellectual disability LS = List Sorting Working Memory NEPSY-In = NEPSY Inhibition subtest NIHTB-CB = NIH Toolbox Cognitive Battery OID = ID of other or unknown cause OR = Oral Reading Recognition PC = Pattern Comparison Processing Speed PSM = Picture Sequence Memory PPVT-4 = Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test, 4th edition PVT = Picture Vocabulary SB-5 = Stanford-Binet, 5th edition VABS-3 = Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, 3rd editionĪpproximately 2.0% of the global population has an intellectual disability (ID), an understudied condition with lifelong effects on academic, vocational, and personal functioning.
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